Fundoscopy is the examination of the vitreous body and the retina of the eye.
For the examination you will have to put drops in your eyes that make your pupil larger (mydriasis) and may blur your vision for a few hours. You will need to wait about half an hour and then a special contact lens will be placed onto the eye to examine the retina and vitreous. The doctor may also examine you by putting a magnifying glass in front of your eye, wearing a special hat with a light source and pressing your eye with a special tool.
The purpose of fundoscopy is to identify abnormalities of the retina and blood vessels, of the optic nerve and the vitreous. Many systemic diseases can present with retinal findings.